The concept of the National target program for the use and protection of land, approved by the Government in January 2022, determined that the current state of land resources in the majority of the country is characterized as tense, and in some places - a crisis with a tendency to deteriorate. One of the reasons for the irrational use of land is the lack of a unified state system for their protection. The article examines the problems of improving the regulatory framework of special land protection in accordance with the provisions of Article 14 of the Constitution of Ukraine. The state of scientific development of land use forecasting and planning and the features of preparing predictive (pre-project) land management documentation are considered. Legislative changes regarding the preservation of agricultural land and cancellation of payment for losses of agricultural production are analyzed. Proposals for reforming the system of control over the use and protection of land are substantiated.

Although the total amount of agricultural land in China is the third largest in the world, for a large area of ??land, only 0.106 hectares per capita is accounted for, which is far below the world average. Given the pressures of shrinking agricultural land due to economic development, rapid population growth, and urban growth, the Chinese government has developed a series of measures to protect agricultural land and ensure food security. This article is aimed at a detailed analysis of the evolution of agricultural land protection policy in China, an attempt to analyze the reasons for policy change, the measures introduced and their effectiveness. It will also provide experience and inspiration for solving issues related to land resources in Ukraine, and can become the basis for cooperation between China and Ukraine in the field of agriculture to jointly respond to the global challenges of food security.

The main task of this work is the development of an alpha version of a web service for ecological and economic monitoring based on databases. At the stage of development of the alpha version of the software product, the main economic indicators related to the development of the city and the environmental factors affecting it were worked out and grouped. The author has modeled a software model for individual ecological and economic monitoring services, which are part of the future applied software product. In the future, the author plans to continue research on this topic, collecting empirical data on the cities selected for study, and to develop further software and technical modules of the presented web service.

The article is devoted to the study of the implementation of geodetic innovations in the field of land management and cadastral activities. Modern technologies and their impact on the optimization and efficiency of work in the specified areas are considered. The main attention is paid to the methods of geographic information systems, their application for accurate mapping, data analysis and territorial development planning. The purpose of this article is to research and evaluate the use of the latest geodetic solutions in land and cadastral management, as well as to reveal the advantages and potential of their application to optimize the management of land resources. Used: analytical method, cartographic method, mathematical method, methods of digital automated processing of space images. Further research in the field of land management and cadastral activity can be directed to the development of new methods of processing and interpreting geodetic data using artificial intelligence and machine learning, adapting geoinformation systems to the needs of regional land management, in particular, to monitor climate changes, ensure food and water resources. The article can be useful for specialists in the field of land management, cadastre, as well as for everyone who is interested in innovative technologies in geodesy.

Ukraine is currently in the process of forming the agricultural land market. Land is one of the most important factors of production in modern society, and the land market is an integral part of the economy of any developed country. Improving the land market is the most important task of the state, which adopts laws that protect any property rights, including land rights. The land market creates conditions that stimulate the efficient use of land. The development and formation of the modern methodology of land evaluation is preceded by a rich centuries-old practice and development of the theory of land use. The article analyzes the existing Methodology for the normative monetary valuation of land plots, gives the results of the assessment of the agricultural land plot using data from the open land cadastre within the limits of the Lyman settlement territorial community of the Rozdilnian district of the Odesa region. The value of the land plot was determined according to the established and approved standards according to the new method, which was approved on November 3, 2021 by the resolution "On the approval of the Methodology of normative monetary valuation of land plots" and amounted to 152,248.90 hryvnia. /span>the calculation results showed that the new Methodology of normative monetary assessment simplifies the assessment of agricultural land.

Nature protection and rational use of natural resources is one of the most urgent problems of our time. It is closely related to the everyday life of a person. Land, as a means of production, has special properties different from all other means of production. First of all, it is irreplaceable, limited in space, continuity of functioning, the ability to constantly improve when used correctly. In the process of economic use of natural resources, we often note only those components of the environment with which our activities are connected. For example, geologists and miners consider the territory from the point of view of its richness in minerals, foresters are interested in territories with wood reserves, and agricultural workers are interested in land for farming. And the natural environment is a complex of closely related components that are in a state of dynamic equilibrium among themselves. Violation of this balance can cause significant damage to natural resources. One of the main factors destabilizing the ecological situation in Ukraine is excessive agricultural development and plowing of the territory. Land conservation ? is the process of preserving and restoring natural resources, including soil, water, vegetation and animal life, with the aim of preventing the degradation of natural ecosystems and preserving biological diversity. This article examines the concept of "land conservation" and "degraded soils". Approaches to the development of working land management projects for the conservation of degraded and infertile arable lands in Ukraine are proposed. Land conservation in this study is considered in the aspect of soil protection through conservation-transformation, when it comes to the irreversible transfer of arable land to other lands.

It is justified that in order to ensure the investment attractiveness of land and the realization of capital investments, it is necessary to conduct a systematic analysis of the current state of land use, taking into account the consequences of the war and the priorities of recovery. A review of publications containing the results of research into the issues of investment attractiveness of land, including agricultural purposes, was made. The structure of land, water resources, and the agro-industrial complex of the Chornobayiv settlement community of the Zolotonsky district of the Cherkasy region was analyzed. The structure of the soil cover of the territorial community is presented. Factors of investment attractiveness of the territory of the research object are systematized: investment objects, geolocation, natural resources, business infrastructure, community budget, regulation of land use and profitability of agricultural production. The financial approach, risk analysis, strategic approach, comparative analysis, scenario analysis, environmental and social approach are used to assess the investment attractiveness of land resources. It is emphasized that the intensity, duration and prevalence of military actions, as a negative factor, can affect the investment attractiveness of an administrative-territorial unit in different ways. Taking into account the proposed approaches to assessing the investment attractiveness of land resources, the following predictive changes are taken into account, such as investment attraction, economic development, infrastructure improvement, increased tax revenues and the impact of military actions. In total, this made it possible to determine the level of investment attractiveness of the studied territory.

It was found that the highest activity of purchase and sale of agricultural land is observed primarily in the central regions of Ukraine, where the share of agricultural land in circulation exceeds 1%. It was established that the average price for 1 hectare of land in February 2022 was UAH 33,429 per hectare, and according to the results of May 2022, when deals on the land market began to be concluded again, the price was fixed at the level of UAH 37.4 until August 2022 showed positive dynamics, reaching UAH 43.9 thousand, and in September 2023, the average price was UAH 41,316 per hectare. It is established that the value of agricultural land is gradually increasing, where in 2023 the average price reached 35.4 thousand hryvnias per hectare, which is 13.5% higher than in 2022 and almost 22% higher than in 2021. It was found that the highest land prices are observed in Kyiv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Lviv regions. It was established that the market capitalization fell, that is, in December 2021, purchase and sale agreements were concluded for 936 million UAH, in August 2022 - for 74.2 million UAH, and in July 2023, we observe positive dynamics of market recovery - agreements were concluded sales by UAH 596.9 million, in August by UAH 611 million and in September by UAH 636 million.

The article considers the possibilities of implementing climate change prevention initiatives in environmental measures with land management, since land management itself is by definition a set of socio-economic and environmental measures. Land management projects that provide ecological and economic justification of crop rotation and land management, as part of decarbonization as an element of the European Green Course, are proposed to be supplemented with calculations of carbon absorption from the atmosphere, depending on the agricultural crops that are provided for by crop rotation. Also, the implementation of initiatives to prevent climate change is proposed as part of the implementation of a strategic environmental assessment of land management documentation in Ukraine, in particular, regarding the assessment of planning decisions for the criterion "Climate and air quality" in the context of assessing changes in the volume of CO2 emissions, as one of the greenhouse gases affecting climate change. In the context of the European Green Deal (The European Green Deal), the article examines approaches to the assessment of greenhouse gas absorption (decarbonization), which can be implemented in Ukraine both as part of a strategic environmental assessment of land management documentation, and in environmental measures with land management, since the principles land management includes ensuring the priority of environmental safety requirements, protection of land resources and reproduction of soil fertility, productivity of agricultural land, establishment of a regime of nature protection, health, recreational and historical and cultural purposes.

Cartography as a science distinguishes several different concepts that determine the practical scope of application of a cartographic work. One of the main concepts of cartography is language, which characterizes the map as a special text written using conventional signs, while the map conveys real reality, objects and natural phenomena. According to our research, the "Agriculture of Ukraine" map was analyzed in the following areas: structural elements of the map; elements of map content; methods of cartographic representation and thematic classification.

The article examines the current state and structure of the nature reserve fund (hereinafter - PZF) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast after the implementation of the administrative-territorial reform. In order to assess the current state and features of the distribution of PZF objects in the Ivano-Frankivsk region, calculations and comparison of indicators of conservation, density, and territorial concentration of PZF objects in the section of the region were carried out. The network of nature reserves in Ivano-Frankivsk region consists of 526 objects with a total area of ??2238.52 km2, which is 16.1% of the area of ??the region, which gives it the opportunity to be among the five regions of Ukraine with the highest rate of conservation. The nature reserve fund of the region consists of eight categories of objects. The territory of the districts was assessed according to the percentage of protected areas, density and index of territorial concentration. The highest value of the reserve indicator is observed in the Verkhovyna district (63.7%), the lowest - in the Kolomyya district (0.88%). The average density index for the region was 0.038. High indicators of the index of territorial concentration are characteristic of Verkhovyna, Kosiv and Ivano-Frankivsk districts. The conducted research shows the great nature reserve potential of the region. It is advisable to use the results of the study of the distribution of PZF lands in the Ivano-Frankivsk region to make management decisions by territorial communities with the aim of creating new, more significant for the protection of objects, or unifying already existing categories of PZF.

As of nand today, it can be stated that significant anthropogenic load and urbanization contribute to the fact that the specific weight of agricultural land in Ukraine decreases every year. A significant amount of agricultural land is taken for housing, especially around large cities. It is also worth adding those lands that are removed for non-agricultural needs, in particular for road construction.